It’s interesting to draw parallels with Greek. Though you may be interested to learn that there are other words that target the arm more, like μπράτσο (“upper arm”), βραχίονας (general term), μασχάλη (“armpit”). Πόδι, though, as you said, is pretty much the key term for both the leg and the foot (unless you want to specifically say calf, shin, etc.), in my understanding.

Speaking of learning Greek, what’s struck me is how much more accessible Japanese is. With the exception of grammar dictionaries, the amount of excellent online resources that are freely available beat any printed resources hands down (or at least the ones I’ve encountered).

In my studies of modern Greek, however, I’ve had to amass quite a number of dictionaries, monolingual and bilingual in different directions, targeted at natives and/or foreign learners, and all from different eras, to be able to function. (I still have to ask my father for assistance with archaic terms and expressions.) Now, these dictionaries are all collectively very good (wish I could say the same for the Kodansha furigana dictionaries), but they can’t match the convenience of what WWWJDIC, alc.co.jp, jisho.org, and Mac OS X’s inbuilt Japanese dictionaries have to offer.

Wall of text, I know — tl;dr is, as Japanese students we have access to such useful online free resources we shouldn’t take for granted.

Plus there’s nothing like Tae Kim’s guide and blog that I’m aware of …

As my IME says,
差す 〔一般的〕「傘を差す、刀を差す、潮が差す、影が差す、赤みが差す」

電車がなかなか来ない。
The train is not easily coming. (The train is late)

@AlexanderW 暖かい and 暑い are used for weather temperature and other abstract meanings. 温かい and 熱い are used for object temperature and other concrete meanings.

… I think. I would be lying if I said I don’t get them confused sometimes as well.

暑い
熱い

I can never remember when to use what of these, can’t tell the difference on warm – warm and hot – hot. >_<

Sorry – that’s おもしろい, not ツラしろい！！