LearnJapanese Tae Kim's Guide to Learning Japanese




Noun properties

Posted by Tae Kim

The 「の」 particle has many different uses but one of the most basic usages is for describing nouns with other nouns similar to how we described nouns with adjectives. This is usually used to describe ownership, membership, property or any other description that involves another noun.

It is important to remember the order the modification takes place. You don't want to inadvertently say "name's me" when you meant to say "my name". If you're unsure of the order, I recommend translating 「の」 as "of" and reading it in reverse.

Examples

  1. 私 【わたし】 - me; myself; I
  2. 名前 【な・まえ】 - name
  3. この - this
  4. 車 【くるま】 - car
  5. 日本 【に・ほん】 - Japan
  6. ペン - pen
  7. 机 【つくえ】 - desk
  8. 上 【うえ】 - up; above
  9. かばん - bag
  10. 下 【した】 - down; below
  11. 先生 【せん・せい】 - teacher
  12. 日本語 【に・ほん・ご】 - Japanese language
  1. 私の名前は、キムです。
    Name of me (my name) is Kim.
  2. この車は、日本の車です。
    This car is car of Japan (Japanese car).
  3. ペンは、机の上です。
    Pen is above of desk.
  4. かばんは、机の下です。
    Bag is below of desk.
  5. 田中先生は、日本語の先生です。
    Tanaka-sensei is teacher of Japanese (Japanese teacher).

What's your first name again?

  1. 下の名前 - first name (lit: bottom name)
  2. 何 【なに】 - what
  3. なんで - why
  4. え - huh, eh

リー: スミスさんの下の名前は、何?
Lee: What is Smith-san's first name?

スミス: アリスよ。
Smith: (It's) Alice.

リー: アリスちゃんね。
Lee: Alice-chan, huh?

スミス: リーさんの下の名前は?
What is Lee-san's first name?

リー: ジェユン
Lee: JaeYoon.

スミス: ・・・リー君ね。
Smith: ...Lee-kun, huh?

リー: え、なんで?
Lee: Huh, why?

Noun replacement

The 「の」 particle can also replace the noun entirely when it's understood by the context.

Examples

  1. 赤い 【あか・い】 - red
  2. どれ - which
  1. 赤いは、好き。
    Like the red one.
  2. スミスさんは、どれですか?
    Which one is Smith-san's?

When Smith asks "What is

When Smith asks "What is Lee-san's first name?" in the translation, I think you forgot to address who is speaking. It should read, "Smith: What is Lee-san's first name?" It's just a little thing I thought you should know.


And here I thought "Smith"

And here I thought "Smith" was a man...

Alice Smith...?


The second to last sentence,

The second to last sentence, shouldn't it be 赤いのが、好き。?


It depends on what you're

It depends on what you're trying to say.


What is the difference? As I

What is the difference? As I understand it, both mean "I like the red one".


As opposed to the

As opposed to the complicated, "translating 「の」 as 'of' and reading it in reverse", I've always thought of 「の」 as " 's "

for example, 私の名前 = me's (my) name


As far as I can see you

As far as I can see you forgot to introduce the 君 (くん)kanji in this or previous chapters.


It was introduced in the

It was introduced in the chapter Addressing People, near the beginning.


For example two of noun

For example two of noun replacement, could it also be どれがスミスさんのですか?


Yes

Yes


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